•Unless a CA knows about the outage in the other CAs, it continues the same schedules;
•Because of the loop-flows during the blackouts the net tie line schedules greatly change, but individual control areas do not adjust;
•Large loop flows generally cause voltage drops;
•Without rescheduling (more generally, adjustment of control settings of various types, on the system, power plants and users) there may not be enough resources to solve power flow.