KEY POINTS: complex dynamics
•Complex dynamics of network
upgrade involve slow load growth and engineering responses.
•Complex dynamics can
organize to near criticality.
•Some
methods of suppressing small blackouts may eventually increase large
blackouts.
•Problem
of blackout mitigation is to jointly reduce frequency of small and
large blackouts.
•For more information see papers at
http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~dobson/home.html